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A (Very) Brief History of Pi Archimedes of Syracuse was th e first mathematician to calculate pi. He used the Pythagorean Theorem to find the area of two regular polyg ons (the polygon inscribed within the circle and the polygon within which the circle was circumscribed). Through this calculation, Archimedes was able to show that pi is between 3 1/7 and 3 10/71. The use of the Greek letter “π” to describe this number was introduced in 1706 by William Jones and was lat …